Pasteur's Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation by Donald E. Stokes

Pasteur's Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation Donald E. Stokes ebook
Format: pdf
ISBN: 0815781776, 9780815781776
Page: 228
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Basic Science and Technological Innovation, Brooking Institution Press, Washington DC.; Richard R. ÀWorld Wide Research: Reshaping the Science and Humanities》；. ÀPasteur's Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation》；. Washington D C: Brookings Institution Press. Kvant Selecta : Algebra and Analysis. Oleh karenanya, Stokes (1997) dalam bukunya berjudul, “Pasteur” Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation, “ menyajikan dalam bentuk suatu matriks penelitian. Pasteur's quadrant: Basic science and technological innovation. But really, when you look In essence, Bell Labs took the best in the world and aimed them towards “use-inspired basic research”, what science policy scholar, academic administrator, and NSF advisor Donald Stokes identified as Pasteur's Quadrant. As conventional wisdom has it, basic research is a core input for economic innovation, and economic innovation is good for everybody. Unless on subscribes to some species of idealism or essentialism, strictly speaking the term basic or fundamental research has no meaning outside its use as a statistical household word: in other words it is historically and socially contingent . Speculation on science, technology, and society. ÀInstructional Technology: past, present and future》；.